As the global manufacturing industry transforms to green and intelligent direction, the manufacturing process of seamless stainless steel pipe continues to break through, application scenarios continue to expand, and its technical standards and market demand also ushered in a new round of change.
This paper will analyse the manufacturing process and performance advantages of this key material, and provide systematic reference for industry practitioners and researchers.
I. Seamless stainless steel pipe common materials
201(1Cr17Mn6Ni5N)
202(1Cr18Mn8Ni5N)
301(1Cr17Ni7)
302(1Cr18Ni)
304(0Cr18Ni9)、SS304、TP304
304L(00Cr19Ni10)、SS304L、TP304L
321(1Cr18Ni9Ti)、SS321、TP321
316(0Cr17Ni12Mo2)、SS316、TP316
316L(0Cr17Ni14Mo2)、SS316L、TP316L
310S(0Cr25N20)、SS310S、TP310S
II.Seamless stainless steel pipe implementation standards
GB2270-80 Stainless steel seamless steel pipe
GB/T14976-94 Seamless Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipes for Fluid Conveyance
GB/T14975-2012 Stainless steel seamless tubes for structural use
GB13296-91 Stainless steel seamless pipes for boilers and heat exchangers
(GJB2608-96) (YB676-73) Thick-walled seamless steel pipes of structural steel for aviation use
(GJB2296-95) (YB678-71) Stainless steel seamless pipes for aviation use
(YB/T679-97) (YB679-71) Thin-walled seamless steel tubes for 18A hollow rivets for aerospace applications
(GJB2609-96) (YB680-71) Structural thin-walled seamless steel tubes for aeronautical use
(YB/T681-97) (YB681-71) Thin-walled seamless steel pipe for aviation conduit 20A
GB3090-2000 Stainless steel small diameter steel pipe
GB5310-95 Seamless steel pipe for high pressure boilers
GB3087-82 low and medium pressure seamless steel pipe
GB3089-92 Stainless acid-resistant very thin-walled seamless steel pipe
GB9948-88 Seamless steel pipe for oil cracking
ASTM A213 Seamless steel tubes and pipes of ferritic and austenitic alloy steel for boilers and heat exchangers
ASTM A269 Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubes and Pipes forGeneral Purposes
ASTM A312 Seamless and Welded Steel Pipes and Tubes of Austenitic Stainless Steel Welded Steel Pipes and Tubes
ASTM A450 General Requirements for Carbon, Ferritic, and Austenitic Alloy Steel Tubes and Pipes
ASTM A530 General Requirements for Ferritic and Alloy Steels for Special Purposes
ASTM A789 General Requirements for Carbonaceous Austenitic Stainless Steel Seamless and Welded Steel Tubes and Pipes
JIS G3456-88 Stainless steel pipes for mechanical structures
JIS G3448-88 Stainless steel pipes for general pipelines
JIS G3459-88 Stainless steel pipes for pipelines
JIS G3463-88 Stainless steel pipes for boilers and heat exchangers
Q/HYAD Seamless Long Steel Tubes and Pipes for Chemical Industry
III. Core features and industrial value of seamless stainless steel seamless pipes
(1) Definition and basic classification
Seamless stainless steel pipe is a kind of long steel with a hollow cross section and no seams around it, which has excellent corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and mechanical properties. According to the different metallurgical organisation, seamless stainless steel pipe can be divided into the following categories:
A. Austenitic seamless stainless steel pipe: such as 304, 316, etc., with good corrosion resistance, formability and weldability, suitable for a variety of industrial environments.
B. Seamless martensitic stainless steel tubes: with high strength and wear resistance, suitable for high hardness and high strength requirements of the scene.
C. Duplex seamless stainless steel pipe: combining the advantages of austenitic and ferritic stainless steel, with higher strength and corrosion resistance, suitable for marine engineering and chemical industry.
(2) Key performance advantage analysis
A. Corrosion resistance: the corrosion resistance of seamless stainless steel pipe mainly originates from the dense oxide film formed on its surface, which can effectively resist the erosion of chloride ions and other corrosive media.
B. Mechanical strength: in the high temperature and high pressure environment, seamless stainless steel pipe can maintain stable performance, suitable for petroleum, chemical and nuclear power and other fields.
C. Surface finish: its smooth surface is easy to clean and disinfect, in line with the hygiene standards of the food and pharmaceutical industries.
IV. Seamless stainless steel pipe specifications
| Type | Category | Specifications | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| Classification by Outer Diameter | Small Diameter | 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, etc. | Small-diameter seamless stainless steel pipes are commonly used in precision instrument manufacturing and small pipeline systems where smaller pipe diameters are required. |
| Medium Diameter | 25mm, 28mm, 30mm, 32mm, 34mm, 36mm, 38mm, 40mm, 42mm, 45mm, 48mm, 50mm, 51mm, 53mm, 54mm, 56mm, 57mm, 60mm, 63mm, 65mm, 68mm, 70mm, 73mm, 75mm, 76mm, 80mm, 83mm, 89mm, 95mm, etc. | Medium-diameter stainless steel seamless pipes are widely used in general industrial pipelines and decorative projects. | |
| Large Diameter | 102mm, 108mm, 114mm, 121mm, 127mm, 133mm, 140mm, 146mm, 152mm, 159mm, 168mm, 180mm, 194mm, 219mm, 245mm, 273mm, 325mm, 351mm, 377mm, 426mm, 456mm, 530mm, 630mm, etc. | Large-diameter seamless stainless steel pipes are mainly used in large petrochemical pipelines and main pipelines for urban water and gas supply. | |
| Classification by Wall Thickness | Thin Wall | Typical wall thicknesses: 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm, 2.2mm | Thin-walled seamless stainless steel pipe are used in applications where weight is a concern and the pressure is relatively low, such as some food and beverage conveyance pipelines. |
| Medium Wall | Typical wall thicknesses: 2.5mm, 2.8mm, 3.0mm, 3.2mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm, 4.5mm, 5.0mm, 5.5mm, 6.0mm, 6.5mm, 7.0mm, 7.5mm, 8.0mm, 8.5mm, 9.0mm, 9.5mm, 10mm | These pipes are widely used in general industrial pipelines and civil building pipelines where strength and corrosion resistance are required. | |
| Thick Wall | Typical wall thicknesses: 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, 16mm, 18mm, 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm, 50mm, etc. | Thick-walled seamless stainless steel pipe can withstand higher pressures and external forces, and are commonly used in high-pressure pipeline systems and large mechanical structural components. | |
| Classification by Length | Standard Lengths | 6m, 12m (Custom lengths are available upon request.) | The length can be customized according to specific requirements. |
V. Analysis of the whole process of precision manufacturing
(1) Raw material selection and pretreatment
The metallurgical composition control of seamless stainless steel tubes is crucial, and the optimisation of the ratios of chromium, nickel, molybdenum and other elements can significantly improve their corrosion resistance and strength.
(2) Comparison of core forming process
A. Hot rolling method: suitable for the production of large diameter thick-walled pipes, with high production efficiency.
B. Cold rolling/cold drawing method: mainly used for the production of high-precision thin-walled pipes, which can effectively control the surface quality and dimensional accuracy.
(3) Heat treatment and surface treatment technology
A. Solid solution treatment: through high temperature treatment to make the alloying elements evenly distributed, inhibit intergranular corrosion.
B. Electrolytic polishing and passivation treatment: further enhance the surface finish and corrosion resistance.
VI. In-depth analysis of industry application scenarios
(1) Key requirements in the energy field
A. Oil and gas pipelines: seamless stainless steel tubes can effectively resist hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) and other corrosive media to ensure the safety of oil and gas transmission.
B. Nuclear power evaporator heat transfer tube: nuclear grade stainless steel seamless tube to meet the high safety requirements of nuclear power equipment.
(2) high-end equipment manufacturing breakthrough
A. Aviation hydraulic piping: balance between lightweight and high fatigue strength to meet the stringent requirements of the aviation field.
B. Semiconductor ultra-pure water system: using electrochemical polishing process to ensure high purity and pollution-free system.
